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Series C
(Case C-125/22, (1) Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid (Concept of serious harm))
(Reference for a preliminary ruling - Common policy on asylum and subsidiary protection - Directive 2011/95/EU - Article 15 - Conditions for granting subsidiary protection - Taking into account of factors relating to the applicant’s individual position and personal circumstances and to the general situation in the country of origin - Humanitarian situation)
(C/2024/466)
Language of the case: Dutch
Applicants: X, Y, their six minor children
Defendant: Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid
1.Article 15 of Directive 2011/95/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2011 on standards for the qualification of third-country nationals or stateless persons as beneficiaries of international protection, for a uniform status for refugees or for persons eligible for subsidiary protection, and for the content of the protection granted, must be interpreted as meaning that in order to determine whether an applicant for international protection is eligible for subsidiary protection, the competent national authority must examine all the relevant factors, relating both to the individual position and personal circumstances of the applicant and to the general situation in the country of origin, before identifying the type of serious harm that those factors may potentially substantiate.
2.Article 15(c) of Directive 2011/95 must be interpreted as meaning that in order to assess whether there is a real risk of suffering a type of serious harm as defined in that provision, the competent national authority must be able to take account of factors relating to the individual position and personal circumstances of the applicant other than the mere fact of coming from an area of a given country where ‘the most extreme cases of general violence’, within the meaning of the judgment of the European Court of Human Rights of 17 July 2008, NA. v. the United Kingdom (CE:ECHR:2008:0717JUD002590407, § 115), occur.
3.Article 15(b) of Directive 2011/95 must be interpreted as meaning that the intensity of the indiscriminate violence occurring in the applicant’s country of origin is not capable of weakening the requirement of individualisation of the serious harm defined in that provision.
(1) OJ C 213, 30.5.2022.
ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/C/2024/466/oj
ISSN 1977-091X (electronic edition)